MidlineKatheter

A midline catheter is a type of intravenous (IV) access device designed for patients requiring prolonged or intermittent venous access, typically for treatments lasting several days to weeks. Unlike peripheral IV catheters, which are inserted into smaller veins near the surface, midline catheters are advanced further into larger veins, such as the basilic or cephalic vein in the arm, before being secured near the elbow. This placement reduces the risk of phlebitis and catheter-related complications associated with repeated insertions into smaller veins.

Midline catheters are made of soft, flexible silicone or polyurethane, allowing for comfortable patient use and reduced trauma to the vein. They are generally inserted by healthcare professionals, such as nurses or physicians, using sterile techniques. The catheter’s tip is positioned between the peripheral veins and the central venous system, providing reliable access for administering fluids, medications, blood products, or nutritional support. Unlike central venous catheters (CVCs), midline catheters do not extend into the heart or major thoracic veins, making them a safer option for patients who do not require central access but need extended peripheral venous access.

Common indications for midline catheter use include chemotherapy administration, antibiotic therapy for serious infections, parenteral nutrition, and fluid resuscitation in patients with difficult peripheral access. Complications are relatively rare but may include infection, thrombosis, or catheter-related bloodstream infections. Proper maintenance, including regular dressing changes and flushing with heparinized saline, helps minimize risks. Midline catheters are typically removed once the treatment course is complete, though they can sometimes be left in place for up to four weeks if clinical guidelines are followed.

The advantages of midline catheters include reduced discomfort for patients compared to frequent peripheral IV changes, lower infection rates than central lines, and the ability to avoid more invasive procedures. They are particularly useful in outpatient settings, such as oncology clinics, where patients require repeated venous access over extended periods. As with any medical device, their use should be guided by clinical assessment and institutional protocols to ensure patient safety and efficacy.