Microtomography

Microtomography is a non-destructive imaging technique that generates three-dimensional representations of a sample's internal structure at a microscopic level. It is a form of computed tomography (CT) adapted for smaller scales. The process involves rotating a sample and acquiring a series of two-dimensional X-ray projection images from multiple angles. These projections are then computationally reconstructed to create a detailed 3D volume.

The resolution of microtomography typically ranges from a few micrometers down to sub-micrometer levels, allowing for the visualization of fine details within materials, biological tissues, and geological specimens. Different X-ray sources and detection systems are employed, with synchrotron-based microtomography offering the highest resolutions and penetration depths due to its intense, tunable X-ray beams.

Applications of microtomography are diverse. In materials science, it is used to study porosity, cracks, phase distribution, and internal defects in composites, metals, and ceramics. In the life sciences, it enables the non-destructive analysis of anatomical structures in small organisms, fossils, and tissues, providing insights into their morphology and development without requiring physical sectioning. In geology, it aids in the characterization of rock pores, mineral inclusions, and fluid pathways.

The data generated by microtomography can be quantitatively analyzed, allowing for measurements of volume, surface area, and connectivity of internal features. This makes it a powerful tool for research and quality control across various scientific and industrial fields.