Meänmaa

Meänmaa, also known as Tornedal Finn or Tornedal Swede, refers to the inhabitants of the Tornedal region, a cross-border area along the Torne River separating Sweden and Finland. The region has a distinct cultural identity shaped by centuries of shared history, language, and traditions. The Meänkieli language, a minority language of Finland, is spoken in this area, although it has diverged into distinct dialects within both Sweden and Finland. Historically, the region was part of Sweden for centuries before being ceded to Russia in 1809, with the border being drawn along the Torne River. This division led to the development of separate national identities alongside the overarching Meänmaa culture. Today, Meänmaa is recognized as a distinct ethnic minority in Sweden, with efforts underway to preserve their language and cultural heritage. The culture is characterized by a strong connection to the land, traditional crafts, and unique music and folklore. The Tornedal people maintain a dual identity, often feeling a connection to both their national country and their shared regional heritage.