Metüülfenoolid

Metüülfenoolid, also known as cresols, are a group of organic compounds with the chemical formula C7H8O. They are phenols where one hydrogen atom on the benzene ring has been replaced by a methyl group. This results in three structural isomers: ortho-cresol (2-methylphenol), meta-cresol (3-methylphenol), and para-cresol (4-methylphenol).

These compounds are typically colorless to yellowish liquids or solids with a characteristic phenolic odor. They are slightly soluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. Metüülfenoolid are found naturally in coal tar and petroleum, and are also produced synthetically.

Industrially, metüülfenoolid are used as disinfectants, preservatives, and as intermediates in the production of other chemicals, including resins, explosives, and dyes. They also serve as precursors for antioxidants and plasticizers. The different isomers have varying uses and properties. For example, meta-cresol is a significant component in the production of thymol and eugenol.

Exposure to metüülfenoolid can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Ingestion or significant absorption can lead to more severe health effects, including central nervous system depression and damage to the liver and kidneys. Their environmental persistence and toxicity are subjects of ongoing study and regulation.