Mesin

A machine is a device that uses energy to perform work or produce a change in the state of a system. By applying a force, a machine can alter the magnitude, direction, or distance over which that force acts. In Indonesian, mesin is a general term for any device that carries out mechanical work, ranging from a coffee machine to an automobile engine.

Simple machines are basic devices that change the size or direction of a force. The classical simple machines are the lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, screw, and wedge. Complex or compound machines combine several simple machines to increase efficiency or enable more complex tasks.

A machine typically consists of an energy source, a mechanism to convert energy into motion or force (actuators), a transmission or linkage, and a frame or housing to support components. It may include control systems, sensors, and safety features. Machines can be powered by human, animal, wind, water, steam, electricity, or chemical energy.

Historically, tools and simple machines enabled early humans to amplify effort. During the industrial era, machines increased production and reliability, leading to modern automation and robotics. Today machines span manufacturing equipment, transportation systems, household appliances, and information processing devices.

The term mesin is used across many fields in Indonesian, including mesin listrik (electric motor), mesin cuci (washing machine), and mesin jahit (sewing machine). Understanding machines involves physics concepts such as work, energy, power, efficiency, and mechanical advantage.