Meniskusläsionen

Meniskusläsionen, often referred to as torn meniscus, are injuries to the meniscus, which are C-shaped pieces of cartilage located in the knee joint. The meniscus acts as a shock absorber and stabilizer for the knee. There are two menisci in each knee: the medial meniscus on the inner side and the lateral meniscus on the outer side.

These injuries can occur through direct trauma, such as a sudden twist or rotation of the knee while the foot is planted, or they can develop over time due to degenerative changes. Contact sports, activities involving pivoting, and even everyday movements can lead to a meniscus tear. Older individuals are more susceptible to degenerative tears due to the natural wear and tear on the cartilage.

Symptoms of a meniscus tear can vary depending on the severity and location of the injury. Common signs include pain in the knee, swelling, stiffness, a clicking or popping sensation during movement, and a feeling of the knee giving way or locking up. The pain may worsen with activity and improve with rest.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare professional, who will assess the knee's range of motion and check for tenderness. Imaging tests, such as an MRI, are often used to confirm the diagnosis and visualize the extent of the tear.

Treatment options depend on the type, size, and location of the tear, as well as the patient's age and activity level. For minor tears, conservative treatment may be recommended, including rest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE), pain medication, and physical therapy to strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve knee stability. More significant or complex tears may require surgical intervention, such as arthroscopic surgery to repair or remove the damaged portion of the meniscus. Rehabilitation after surgery is crucial for regaining full function of the knee.