Masticación

Masticación is the process by which food is crushed and ground by teeth. It is the first step of digestion and increases the surface area of food, making it easier to swallow and digest. Mastication involves the coordinated action of the teeth, jaws, tongue, and muscles of the face. The teeth are responsible for cutting, tearing, and grinding food, while the tongue manipulates the food and mixes it with saliva. Saliva lubricates the food and begins the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates. The muscles of the jaw, such as the masseter and temporalis muscles, provide the force for chewing. The process of mastication is influenced by the type of food being eaten, as well as individual chewing habits. Proper mastication is important for good digestion and overall health. It can help prevent choking, improve nutrient absorption, and reduce the risk of dental problems. In some cases, conditions like temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders can affect the ability to masticate properly, leading to pain and difficulty eating.