Malabsorpné

Malabsorption refers to a condition where the small intestine is unable to absorb nutrients from food. This can occur due to damage to the intestinal lining, a deficiency in digestive enzymes, or the presence of certain bacteria. Symptoms often include diarrhea, weight loss, bloating, gas, and abdominal pain. Malabsorption can lead to various nutritional deficiencies, such as iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, and fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies.

The causes of malabsorption are diverse. Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten, damages the villi of the small intestine, impairing nutrient absorption. Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease, can also affect the small intestine and lead to malabsorption. Pancreatic insufficiency, where the pancreas doesn't produce enough digestive enzymes, is another common cause. Infections, such as giardiasis, or the overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine (SIBO) can also interfere with nutrient absorption. Certain medications and surgical resections of the small intestine can also contribute.

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests to check for deficiencies, stool tests to assess nutrient levels and look for infections, and sometimes imaging studies or an intestinal biopsy. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve dietary changes, enzyme replacement therapy, medications to manage inflammation or bacterial overgrowth, or vitamin and mineral supplements. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to prevent long-term health complications associated with malabsorption.