Mahavisissa

Mahavisissa, also known as Mahavissakha, is a Buddhist term that refers to the eight major divisions of Buddhist monastic orders. The term is derived from the Pali language, with "maha" meaning "great" and "visissa" meaning "division" or "section." These divisions are recognized in various Buddhist traditions, including Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana, although the specific names and numbers may vary slightly.

The eight major divisions of Buddhist monastic orders typically include:

1. Bhikkhus: Ordained male monks who follow the Vinaya, the monastic code.

2. Bhikkhunis: Ordained female monks who also follow the Vinaya.

3. Upasakas: Lay followers who support the Sangha (monastic community) through offerings and other means.

4. Upasikas: Lay female followers who also support the Sangha.

5. Anagarikas: Ordained male laypeople who have taken vows but do not follow the Vinaya.

6. Anagarikadharinis: Ordained female laypeople who also take vows but do not follow the Vinaya.

7. Sikkhitas: Novice male monks who are preparing for full ordination.

8. Sikkhitas: Novice female monks who are also preparing for full ordination.

These divisions help to organize and manage the monastic community, ensuring that all members are supported and guided according to their specific roles and responsibilities. The Mahavisissa system is an important aspect of Buddhist monastic life, promoting discipline, community, and the practice of the Dharma.