MRIteknik

MRIteknik, or magnetic resonance imaging technique, refers to the methods and protocols used to acquire and interpret images produced by MRI systems. MRI combines a strong static magnetic field with radiofrequency pulses and gradient fields to excite and spatially encode signals from hydrogen nuclei in the body. Because it relies on non-ionizing radiation, MRI is well suited for repeated imaging and for examining soft tissues.

Most MRI relies on contrasts generated by tissue properties such as T1 and T2 relaxation times. Standard sequences include T1- and T2-weighted imaging, proton density, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR). Additional techniques include diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for tissue diffusion, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for white matter pathways, perfusion imaging, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and functional MRI (fMRI).

Contrast-enhanced MRI uses gadolinium-based agents to improve lesion delineation; safety concerns include nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with kidney dysfunction, though modern agents are safer. MRI safety also includes screening for implants; the magnet and acoustic noise require attention, and some patients experience claustrophobia.

Applications span neurology, musculoskeletal imaging, cardiology, oncology, pediatrics, and research. Strengths of MRI include excellent soft-tissue contrast, multiplanar imaging capability, and the absence of ionizing radiation. Limitations include longer scan times, sensitivity to motion and metal artifacts, higher cost, and contraindications for certain implants or devices.

Recent developments in MRIteknik include higher field strengths (3 tesla and beyond), faster imaging with parallel imaging and compressed sensing, and advanced techniques such as quantitative imaging, diffusion and perfusion analytics, and functional or molecular imaging. The field emphasizes accuracy, safety, and standardized reporting to support clinical decision-making.