Látótérveszteség

Látótérveszteség, also known as visual field loss or a visual field defect, refers to the absence of vision in a specific part of the visual field. The visual field is the entire area that a person can see when their eyes are fixed in one position. Damage to the eye's retina, optic nerve, or the brain's visual pathways can result in blind spots or areas of reduced vision.

The symptoms of látótérveszteség can vary depending on the location and extent of the damage. Some individuals may experience a complete loss of vision in a certain area, while others might notice blurred vision, dimness, or even phantom lights. The defect can manifest as a blind spot directly in front of the person, a loss of peripheral vision, or a scotoma, which is a patch of impaired or lost vision surrounded by normal or partially impaired vision.

Common causes of látótérveszteség include glaucoma, which damages the optic nerve; macular degeneration, affecting central vision; diabetic retinopathy, caused by damage to blood vessels in the retina; and stroke, which can damage the brain's visual processing centers. Optic neuritis, inflammation of the optic nerve, can also lead to temporary or permanent visual field loss. Neurological conditions such as tumors or injuries to the brain can also be responsible.

Diagnosis typically involves a visual field test, also known as perimetry, which measures the extent of a person's visual field. Treatment and management depend on the underlying cause and aim to preserve existing vision, manage the condition, and adapt to the visual impairment.