Lozenges

Lozenges are small, solid dosage forms designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth. They are used for local relief in the throat or for mild cough suppression, delivering flavor, demulcents, or medicinal ingredients as they dissolve. Lozenges come in disc- or diamond-shaped forms and may be medicated or purely confectionery.

Medicinal lozenges contain active ingredients to soothe or treat throat irritation. Common components include menthol or eucalyptus for cooling sensation, glycerin or honey as demulcents, and local anesthetics such as phenol or benzocaine. Some formulations include a cough suppressant such as dextromethorphan or an antiseptic like cetylpyridinium chloride. Lozenges can also be sugar-free, using sweeteners such as sorbitol or xylitol. As with any over-the-counter product, formulations vary by country and brand, and some may contain sugar alcohols or artificial sweeteners, which can be a concern for people with certain conditions. If aspartame is used, individuals with phenylketonuria should avoid those products.

Uses and considerations: lozenges are intended for short-term relief of sore throat, throat irritation, or mild cough. They are not a cure for infections or underlying diseases. Dosing and age recommendations are specified on labeling; improper use can lead to side effects or choking hazards, especially in children. People with diabetes, dietary restrictions, or allergies should review ingredients carefully. Lozenges are typically sold over the counter and may be subject to regulatory standards for safety, labeling, and quality in different jurisdictions.