Lisandpolümeerimine

Lisandpolümeerimine is a chemical process used to create polymers. It involves the joining of monomer molecules to form a long chain, without the elimination of any atoms or small molecules. This type of polymerization typically proceeds through a chain-growth mechanism. The monomers in addition polymerization are usually unsaturated, meaning they contain double or triple bonds. These bonds are broken, and the electrons are then used to form new single bonds between the monomer units, creating the polymer chain.

Common examples of polymers formed by addition polymerization include polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The process can be initiated by various agents, such as free radicals, cations, or anions, which start the chain reaction. The rate of polymerization can be influenced by factors like temperature, pressure, and the concentration of the initiator and monomers. Unlike condensation polymerization, addition polymerization does not produce any byproducts. This can be advantageous in terms of atom economy, meaning that a larger proportion of the atoms from the starting materials are incorporated into the final polymer product. The structure of the monomer directly dictates the repeating unit in the polymer chain.