Liposomien

Liposomien is a nonstandard or ambiguous term that appears in some texts as a variant spelling of liposomen (liposomes). In most scientific literature, the correct terms liposome (singular) and liposomes (plural) are used. The use of liposomien is not widely accepted, and it may arise from transliteration or typographical variation.

Liposomes are vesicles composed of one or more phospholipid bilayers enclosing an aqueous core. They range in size from tens to several hundred nanometers and can encapsulate hydrophilic drugs in the aqueous core and hydrophobic substances within the bilayer.

Common methods to produce liposomes include thin-film hydration, reverse-phase evaporation, detergent removal, ethanol injection, and microfluidic techniques. Surface modification, such as PEGylation, can increase stability and circulation time, and targeting ligands can enable selective delivery.

Applications include pharmaceutical drug delivery, cosmetic formulations, vaccine adjuvants, and diagnostic imaging. In medicine, liposomes can reduce systemic toxicity and improve pharmacokinetics for some compounds.

Challenges include stability during storage, batch-to-batch variability, scale-up for industrial production, and potential immunogenic responses. Research continues to optimize formulation, loading efficiency, and targeting.

History: Liposomes were first described in 1965 by Alec Bangham. Over decades, advances have led to clinically approved liposomal drugs and numerous ongoing research programs. See also liposome, lipid nanoparticle.