Liigesekõhret

Liigesekõhret, also known as articular cartilage, is a smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they meet to form joints. Its primary function is to reduce friction and allow for smooth, pain-free movement within the joint. This remarkable tissue is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes, embedded within a matrix of collagen fibers and proteoglycans. These components provide the cartilage with its characteristic resilience and ability to withstand significant pressure.

Unlike other tissues in the body, articular cartilage has a very limited ability to repair itself. It lacks blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels, meaning that damage to this tissue often does not heal effectively. When liigesekõhret is damaged, for example due to injury, overuse, or conditions like osteoarthritis, it can lead to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. The surface can become roughened, and in severe cases, the cartilage can wear away completely, exposing the bone underneath. This can result in bone-on-bone friction, causing significant pain and inflammation. Treatment for cartilage damage often focuses on managing symptoms, preserving remaining cartilage, and in some cases, exploring surgical options to stimulate repair or replace the damaged tissue.