Leydigsejtek

Leydigsejtek, also known as interstitial cells of Leydig, are endocrine cells found in the testes of mammals. They are located in the interstitial tissue between the seminiferous tubules, which are responsible for sperm production. The primary function of Leydig cells is the production and secretion of androgens, the most important of which is testosterone.

These cells originate from the mesenchyme of the developing gonad during embryonic development. Their activity is stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH), a gonadotropin released by the anterior pituitary gland. LH binds to specific receptors on Leydig cells, triggering a cascade of events that leads to the synthesis and release of testosterone. Testosterone plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics, spermatogenesis, and libido.

Leydig cells also produce other steroid hormones, such as androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), though in smaller quantities. In addition to steroidogenesis, Leydig cells have other functions, including the production of insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3), which is involved in the descent of the testes during fetal development, and various growth factors and cytokines that can influence the surrounding testicular tissue. The number and activity of Leydig cells can be influenced by various factors, including age, hormonal status, and environmental exposures. Disruptions in Leydig cell function can lead to various reproductive health issues.