Lepohengityksessä

Lepohengityksessä refers to resting respiration, the process of breathing when the body is at rest, not engaged in physical activity. This is in contrast to exercise respiration, which is characterized by increased breathing rate and depth to meet the body's heightened oxygen demands. Resting respiration is crucial for maintaining basic metabolic functions and gas exchange, ensuring that the body receives sufficient oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.

The mechanics of resting respiration involve the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, and the external intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage. This increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, causing air to flow into the lungs. During exhalation at rest, these muscles relax, decreasing the thoracic cavity volume and allowing air to be expelled from the lungs. This process is largely involuntary and regulated by the respiratory centers in the brainstem.

The normal resting respiratory rate for an adult is typically between 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Factors such as age, fitness level, stress, and certain medical conditions can influence an individual's resting respiratory rate. For example, infants and young children generally have a higher resting respiratory rate than adults, while well-conditioned athletes may have a lower resting rate due to improved lung capacity and efficiency. Monitoring resting respiration can be a simple indicator of overall health and well-being.