Lítiumnikkelmanganoxid

Lítiumnikkelmanganoxid, often abbreviated as LNMO or LNM, is a cathode material used in lithium-ion batteries. It belongs to the layered oxide family of cathode materials, similar to lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC). The chemical formula for LNMO is LiNi$_{0.5}$Mn$_{0.5}$O$_2$. It is characterized by its high operating voltage and good thermal stability.

The specific crystal structure of LNMO is typically a layered alpha-NaFeO$_2$ type. This structure allows for the reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions, which is the fundamental mechanism for battery operation. The presence of both nickel and manganese in the oxide contributes to its electrochemical properties. Nickel provides high capacity, while manganese enhances structural stability and safety, particularly at higher operating voltages.

Compared to other lithium-ion cathode materials, LNMO offers a favorable balance of energy density and power capability. Its high operating voltage contributes to a higher energy density for a given capacity. Furthermore, the manganese component helps to suppress undesirable phase transitions that can occur in other nickel-rich cathodes, leading to improved cycle life and thermal runaway resistance. Research continues to explore ways to optimize LNMO for even better performance, including modifications to particle morphology and doping with other elements.