Lípáz

Lípáz refers to a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of fats. These enzymes are also known as hydrolases and are crucial for the digestion and metabolism of lipids. Lípázes break down triglycerides, which are the main form of stored fat, into glycerol and free fatty acids. This process is essential for the absorption of dietary fats and for mobilizing stored energy.

There are various types of lípázes found in different organisms and in different parts of the body. For instance, pancreatic lípáz is produced by the pancreas and works in the small intestine to digest dietary fats. Gastric lípáz is found in the stomach and plays a role in fat digestion, particularly in infants. Lipoprotein lípáz is located in the blood vessel walls and breaks down triglycerides in lipoproteins, releasing fatty acids for energy or storage.

Deficiencies or overactivity of certain lípázes can lead to various health conditions. For example, a deficiency in pancreatic lípáz can cause malabsorption of fats, leading to steatorrhea (fatty stools) and nutrient deficiencies. Conversely, abnormal lípáz activity has been implicated in conditions like obesity and certain metabolic disorders. Lípázes are also targets for pharmacological interventions, with some medications designed to inhibit lípáz activity to aid in weight management.