Lääkeannostusmuodot

Lääkeannostusmuodot refer to the various physical forms in which a medication is prepared for administration to a patient. These forms are designed to ensure accurate dosing, facilitate absorption, enhance patient compliance, and achieve the desired therapeutic effect. The choice of dosage form depends on factors such as the drug's properties, the route of administration, the patient's condition, and the intended duration of treatment.

Common dosage forms include solid forms like tablets and capsules, which are swallowed and absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Liquids, such as solutions, suspensions, and syrups, are also frequently used, particularly for children or individuals who have difficulty swallowing solids. They can be administered orally, topically, or parenterally. Semi-solid forms, like creams, ointments, and gels, are applied to the skin or mucous membranes for localized effects. Parenteral dosage forms, including injections (intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous) and infusions, bypass the digestive system, allowing for rapid systemic absorption or precise drug delivery. Other specialized dosage forms exist, such as suppositories for rectal or vaginal administration, inhalers for respiratory delivery, and transdermal patches for sustained drug release through the skin. Each dosage form has specific manufacturing processes and characteristics that influence its stability, bioavailability, and efficacy.