Küünarliiges

The küünarliiges, or elbow joint in English, is a complex hinge joint located in the upper limb of the human body. It connects the humerus, the bone of the upper arm, with the radius and ulna, the two bones of the forearm. This articulation is crucial for a wide range of movements, including flexion (bending the elbow) and extension (straightening the elbow).

Structurally, the elbow joint is a synovial joint, meaning it is enclosed by a capsule filled with synovial fluid that lubricates the articulating surfaces. The joint is formed by three distinct articulations: the humeroulnar joint, which allows for flexion and extension; the humeroradial joint, which contributes to flexion and extension and also allows for supination and pronation of the forearm; and the proximal radioulnar joint, primarily responsible for pronation and supination.

Ligaments, such as the ulnar collateral ligament and the radial collateral ligament, provide stability to the elbow joint, preventing excessive side-to-side movement. Muscles surrounding the joint, including the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis, are responsible for generating the forces required for its movement.

Injuries to the küünarliiges can range from sprains and strains of the ligaments and muscles to fractures of the humerus, radius, or ulna. Conditions like tennis elbow and golfer's elbow, which involve inflammation of the tendons attached to the elbow, are also common. The proper functioning of the küünarliiges is essential for everyday activities, from lifting objects to writing.