Kümnendarvuna

Kümnendarvuna is a term used in Estonian mathematics and linguistic contexts to refer to the tens digit of a decimal number. It denotes the digit that occupies the tens place in a base-10 representation.

Definition and placement

In a decimal number, the digit in the tens place is the second from the right. It represents multiples of ten (10, 20, 30, etc.) and is one step above the units digit and one step below the hundreds digit. The tens digit is a component of the number’s place-value decomposition.

Extraction and calculation

To determine the tens digit of an integer n, common methods include computing floor((n mod 100) / 10) or equivalently (n div 10) mod 10. In programming terms, this can be expressed as an integer division by 10 followed by a modulo 10 operation.

Examples

For 538, the tens digit is 3. For 47, the tens digit is 4. For 1001, the tens digit is 0.

Linguistic usage

In Estonian, the form kümnendarvuna is used to describe a number’s tens place or to state the function of a digit within a number. It appears in educational and descriptive contexts when explaining place-value concepts.

Relation to other place values

The tens digit is part of a system of place values that also includes the units, hundreds, and higher powers of ten. It commonly features in rounding, estimation, and arithmetic algorithms that operate by tens.