Kõhrte

Kõhrte is a term that refers to cartilage, a flexible connective tissue found in many areas of the body. It provides support and structure to various parts of the anatomy, including joints, the ears, the nose, and the respiratory tract. Unlike bone, cartilage is avascular, meaning it does not have its own blood supply. It receives nutrients through diffusion from surrounding tissues.

There are three main types of cartilage: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most common type and is found in the articular surfaces of bones within joints, as well as in the rib cage, nose, and trachea. Elastic cartilage, which contains a high proportion of elastic fibers, is found in the external ear and the epiglottis, providing flexibility and recoil. Fibrocartilage, the strongest type of cartilage, is characterized by its dense collagen fibers and is located in areas that require significant support and shock absorption, such as the intervertebral discs, the menisci of the knee, and the pubic symphysis.

Cartilage plays a crucial role in movement and protection. In joints, it reduces friction between bones and absorbs shock. In the nose and ears, it maintains shape and provides structural integrity. In the respiratory system, cartilage rings in the trachea and bronchi prevent them from collapsing, ensuring an open airway. Damage or degeneration of cartilage, as seen in conditions like osteoarthritis, can lead to pain, stiffness, and loss of function.