Kylaöverkänslighet

Kylaöverkänslighet is a condition characterized by an exaggerated or abnormal reaction to cold temperatures. Individuals experiencing kylaöverkänslighet may develop symptoms such as skin rashes, itching, hives, or a burning sensation when exposed to cold air, water, or objects. In some cases, more severe reactions like swelling or difficulty breathing can occur, particularly with significant cold exposure. The severity and specific manifestation of symptoms can vary greatly from person to person.

The exact cause of kylaöverkänslighet is not always understood, but it is often categorized as a form of physical urticaria, or hives. It is thought to be related to the release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells in the skin upon cold stimulation. This can be triggered by direct contact with cold, immersion in cold water, or even breathing cold air. There are different types, including cold urticaria, where hives appear, and cold agglutinin disease, a more systemic condition involving antibodies that clump red blood cells in the cold.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history and a physical examination. A common diagnostic test is the ice cube test, where an ice cube is placed on the skin for a few minutes. If hives or other characteristic reactions appear after the ice is removed and the skin returns to normal temperature, it can indicate kylaöverkänslighet. Treatment focuses on avoiding cold exposure as much as possible. Antihistamine medications are often prescribed to manage symptoms by blocking the effects of histamine. In cases of severe reactions, epinephrine may be necessary for emergency treatment.