Kvotaudvælgelse

Kvotaudvælgelse, often translated as quota selection or quota sampling, is a method used in statistical sampling. It aims to ensure that specific subgroups within a population are represented in the sample in proportions that mirror their actual presence in the population. This is achieved by setting predetermined quotas for each subgroup.

The process typically begins with identifying the relevant subgroups or strata of interest. These could be based on characteristics such as age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or geographic location. Once these subgroups are defined, the researcher determines the desired proportion of each subgroup in the final sample. This proportion is usually based on existing demographic data of the target population.

After setting the quotas, researchers then proceed to recruit participants until the quota for each subgroup is met. Unlike stratified random sampling, where individuals within each stratum are randomly selected, quota selection does not necessarily employ random methods for recruitment within the quotas. Interviewers or recruiters may be given the freedom to select individuals who fit the criteria until the required number for each quota is reached. This non-random element can introduce potential biases into the sample.

Kvotaudvælgelse is often used in market research and opinion polls due to its relative speed and cost-effectiveness. It can be particularly useful when a complete sampling frame of the population is unavailable. However, the lack of random selection within quotas means that the resulting sample may not be statistically representative of the entire population, and generalization of findings should be approached with caution. Researchers must be aware of the potential for selection bias introduced by the non-random recruitment process.