Kvanttipistekerros

Kvanttipistekerros, or quantum dot layer in English, refers to a thin film composed of semiconductor nanocrystals known as quantum dots. These quantum dots are so small, typically ranging from 2 to 10 nanometers in diameter, that their electronic and optical properties are governed by quantum mechanical effects. The size and composition of the quantum dots determine the specific wavelengths of light they absorb and emit.

When an electric current or incident light interacts with a quantum dot layer, the quantum dots can absorb energy and then re-emit light. This emission occurs at a very specific wavelength, which is tunable by controlling the size of the dots. This precise color control makes quantum dot layers highly valuable in display technologies. For instance, they are used in quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) to produce purer and more vibrant colors compared to traditional LED displays.

Beyond displays, quantum dot layers find applications in solar cells, where their tunable bandgaps can be optimized to capture a broader spectrum of sunlight, thus increasing energy conversion efficiency. They are also explored for use in bioimaging, as fluorescent probes due to their bright and stable emission, and in various sensing applications. The development of stable and efficient quantum dot layers is an active area of research, aiming to further enhance their performance and broaden their technological impact.