Krioabláció

Krioabláció, also known as cryoablation or cryotherapy, is a medical procedure that uses extreme cold to destroy abnormal tissue. It is primarily employed in interventional radiology and surgery to treat various conditions. The process involves inserting a cryoprobe, a needle-like instrument, into the target tissue. Once in place, a refrigerant gas, typically argon or nitrogen, is circulated through the probe, rapidly lowering its temperature. This extreme cold freezes and destroys the targeted cells.

The formation of ice crystals within the cells causes physical damage, leading to cell death. In addition, the cold can also cause vascular stasis and ischemia, further contributing to tissue destruction. The procedure is often guided by imaging techniques such as ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI to ensure accurate placement of the probe and precise targeting of the abnormal tissue.

Krioabláció is used to treat a range of conditions, including certain types of tumors, such as kidney, liver, and prostate cancer. It can also be utilized for benign conditions like uterine fibroids and arrhythmias of the heart. The advantages of krioabláció include its minimally invasive nature, reduced pain, and shorter recovery times compared to traditional surgery. However, like any medical procedure, it carries potential risks and complications, which are carefully assessed by healthcare professionals. The destroyed tissue is gradually absorbed by the body or replaced by scar tissue.