Koonalda

Koonalda is a locality in South Australia, situated on the Nullarbor Plain. It is primarily known for Koonalda Cave, a significant cave system that holds archaeological importance. The cave contains evidence of human occupation dating back at least 20,000 years, making it one of the earliest known sites of human activity in Australia. Discovered in the 1950s, Koonalda Cave revealed charcoal deposits and stone tools, providing valuable insights into the lives of its ancient inhabitants. The cave's environment, with its dry conditions, has contributed to the remarkable preservation of these archaeological remains.

The Nullarbor Plain itself is a vast, treeless karst landscape, and Koonalda Cave is a prominent feature within this unique geological setting. The cave system is extensive, with many chambers and passages. Access to Koonalda Cave is restricted to protect its fragile environment and archaeological significance. The research conducted at Koonalda has significantly contributed to our understanding of early Australian prehistory and the peopling of the continent. Its location on the Nullarbor Plain, a region characterized by its flatness and lack of surface water, makes the presence of ancient human activity particularly noteworthy.