Kondensimi

Kondensimi, in Albanian, refers to the physical process commonly known as condensation: the transition of a substance from a gaseous phase to a liquid phase. This occurs when a gas is cooled below its dew point or subjected to increased pressure, reducing its energy and allowing molecules to cohere into a liquid.

In everyday life kondensimi is familiar as water droplets forming on a cold surface or as fog in the air. In meteorology, water vapor condenses to form clouds, fog, or dew, depending on temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure. Condensation also occurs in engineering systems such as air conditioning, refrigeration, and power plants, where vapor is condensed back into a liquid to reclaim latent heat.

Mechanisms and nucleation: condensation begins when vapor pressure reaches the saturated vapor pressure at a given temperature. Nucleation—often aided by condensation nuclei such as dust or pollen—provides surfaces for droplets to form. Temperature, humidity, and the presence of surfaces influence the rate and location of condensation.

Types and applications: atmospheric condensation drives cloud and fog formation; surface condensation occurs on cool objects and in HVAC systems; industrial condensation is essential in distillation, chemical processing, and heat exchangers. Uncontrolled kondensimi can lead to corrosion, mold growth, and water damage.

Measurement and control: dew point, relative humidity, and saturation vapor pressure describe condensation conditions. Instruments like hygrometers and psychrometers monitor humidity, while insulation, dehumidification, and proper ventilation help manage condensation in buildings and equipment.

Condensation in quantum physics: a related but distinct concept is Bose–Einstein condensation, where particles occupy the same quantum state at very low temperatures, producing macroscopic quantum phenomena. See also dew point, cloud physics, and condensation nuclei.