Kochenillsköldlusen

Kochenillsköldlusen, scientifically known as Dactylopius coccus, is a scale insect native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, particularly Mexico and South America. This small, wingless insect lives on prickly pear cacti, feeding on the cactus sap. The most significant aspect of the kochenillsköldlusen is its production of carminic acid, a vibrant red pigment. When crushed, the female insects yield this substance, which has been used for centuries as a natural dye.

Historically, the kochenillsköldlusen played a crucial role in trade, especially during the colonial era. Indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica cultivated the insects for their dye, and the Spanish conquistadors recognized its commercial value. The red dye, known as cochineal, was highly sought after in Europe for textiles, cosmetics, and food coloring. Harvesting the insects involves carefully collecting them from the cacti, drying them, and then processing them to extract the carminic acid.

Today, cochineal extract remains in use, particularly in food products, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, where it is often listed as carmine or carminic acid. Despite the availability of synthetic red dyes, natural cochineal is still valued for its intense color and perceived natural origin. The cultivation and harvesting of kochenillsköldlusen continue in some parts of the world, contributing to local economies.