Klozaril

Klozaril is the brand name for clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic medication used primarily in the treatment of schizophrenia that has not responded to other medications. It is also used to reduce the risk of suicidal behavior in people with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Clozapine works by altering the activity of certain chemicals in the brain, particularly dopamine and serotonin, which are believed to play a role in psychotic disorders.

The use of clozapine is typically reserved for individuals who have experienced inadequate therapeutic outcomes with at least two other antipsychotic medications. Due to its potential for serious side effects, clozapine treatment requires close medical supervision. A significant risk associated with clozapine is agranulocytosis, a severe reduction in white blood cells that can increase the risk of infection. For this reason, regular blood monitoring, including complete blood counts, is mandatory for all patients taking clozapine.

Other common side effects of clozapine can include drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, weight gain, and increased salivation. More serious, though less common, side effects can include seizures, myocarditis, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Due to these risks, clozapine is usually prescribed through specialized programs that ensure adherence to monitoring protocols. The decision to initiate clozapine therapy is made after a thorough evaluation of the potential benefits versus the risks, in consultation with a psychiatrist.