KiwiRails

Kiwirails is a colloquial term often used to refer to the railway network and services operating in New Zealand. This network is primarily managed by KiwiRail, a state-owned enterprise. KiwiRail operates freight services across both the North and South Islands, connecting major ports and industrial centers. Passenger services are also part of the network, though their scope and frequency have varied over time. Key passenger routes include the Northern Explorer, the TranzAlpine, and the Coastal Pacific, which are popular with tourists and offer scenic journeys through New Zealand's landscapes.

The history of New Zealand's railways dates back to the mid-19th century, with significant development occurring throughout the 20th century. The network was once owned and operated by the New Zealand Railways Department, which was later corporatized into New Zealand Rail Limited in 1981. In 2003, this entity was purchased by a private consortium and rebranded as Toll New Zealand. Subsequently, in 2008, the New Zealand government reacquired the rail operations, establishing the current state-owned enterprise, KiwiRail Holdings Limited. The company plays a vital role in the country's transport infrastructure, facilitating the movement of goods and providing unique travel experiences. Challenges for the network include maintaining aging infrastructure, operating in challenging terrain, and competing with other modes of transport.