Kitkapesäkkeitä

Kitkapesäkkeitä, a Finnish term, translates to "friction bearings" or "plain bearings" in English. These are machine components that reduce friction between moving parts by providing a low-friction surface. Unlike rolling-element bearings that use balls or rollers to separate the surfaces, friction bearings rely on the sliding motion between two surfaces.

The design of friction bearings can vary greatly depending on the application. The simplest form consists of two surfaces in direct contact, often lubricated. More complex designs involve specialized materials like bronze, Babbitt metal, or polymers that offer inherent low friction properties. Lubrication is a critical aspect of friction bearing operation, as it minimizes wear and heat generation. Common lubricants include oils, greases, and even dry lubricants like graphite.

Friction bearings are chosen for their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ability to handle heavy loads and shock. They are often found in applications where precise positioning is not paramount, such as in the journals of rotating shafts in engines, pumps, and older machinery. However, they generally have higher friction and wear rates compared to rolling-element bearings, which can lead to reduced efficiency and shorter lifespan if not properly designed and maintained. Their advantages lie in their robustness and ability to operate in contaminated environments where rolling elements might fail.