Kiinteistöyhtiö

Kiinteistöyhtiö is a Finnish term for a company whose primary purpose is owning and managing real estate assets. It is typically established as a limited liability company (osakeyhtiö) and can own residential, commercial, or industrial properties, as well as land and related assets. The company may lease properties to tenants, provide property management services, or hold real estate for development or investment purposes.

Ownership and governance are handled through standard corporate structures. Shareholders appoint a general meeting and a board of directors, and may appoint a managing director or employ a property management company for day-to-day operations. Major decisions, such as property acquisitions, disposals, or financing, are made by the board with reporting to shareholders. The company is subject to Finnish corporate law, accounting rules (Finnish GAAP or IFRS for listed entities), and regulatory requirements related to real estate and tenancy.

Financially, kiinteistöyhtiö relies on a mix of equity and debt. Revenues come mainly from rents and service charges, while expenses cover maintenance, insurance, property taxes (kiinteistövero), utilities, and interest on loans. Property values and occupancy rates significantly influence profitability and solvency. Risk factors include market fluctuations, tenant credit risk, repair costs, and changes in interest rates or tax policy.

Relation to other structures varies. It is not the same as asunto-osakeyhtiö (housing cooperative) but can intersect with such entities in real estate portfolios. In investment contexts, kiinteistöyhtiö may function as a special purpose vehicle or holding company used to manage and segregate real estate assets from other operations.