Keskuslaskimokateteri

Keskuslaskimokatetri, often referred to as a central venous catheter (CVC), is a specialized medical device used to access a large vein in the body. Typically inserted into a vein in the neck, chest, or groin, it extends to a larger vein near the heart, such as the superior vena cava. This placement allows for the administration of medications, fluids, and nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing smaller peripheral veins. It is also used for monitoring central venous pressure and for drawing blood samples.

The use of a central venous catheter is common in various clinical settings, including intensive care units, during major surgeries, and for patients requiring long-term intravenous therapy. Conditions that necessitate CVC placement include severe dehydration, the need for potent or irritating medications that cannot be given peripherally, chemotherapy, and parenteral nutrition. The insertion procedure is performed by trained medical professionals and requires sterile technique to minimize the risk of infection.

While central venous catheters offer significant advantages in patient care, they also carry potential risks. The most common complications include infection at the insertion site or in the bloodstream, bleeding, pneumothorax (collapsed lung) during insertion, and blood clots. Careful monitoring and adherence to strict aseptic protocols are crucial to mitigate these risks. The catheter is removed once it is no longer medically necessary.