Keskipakopumput

Keskipakopumput, also known as centrifugal pumps, are a common type of pump used to move fluids. They operate by converting rotational kinetic energy into the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow. The basic principle involves an impeller, a rotating component with vanes, that spins within a casing. As the impeller rotates, it imparts centrifugal force to the fluid, pushing it outwards from the center. This outward movement creates a low-pressure area at the impeller's eye, drawing more fluid into the pump. The fluid is then accelerated and directed towards the pump's discharge outlet.

The design of a centrifugal pump typically includes a volute or diffuser casing, which surrounds the impeller. The volute casing is shaped like a spiral, gradually increasing in cross-sectional area towards the discharge nozzle. This expansion slows down the fluid, converting its kinetic energy into pressure energy. Diffuser casings use a series of stationary vanes to guide the fluid and achieve a similar pressure conversion.

Centrifugal pumps are widely used in various applications due to their simple design, reliability, and ability to handle a wide range of flow rates and pressures. They are employed in water supply systems, industrial processes, irrigation, sewage treatment, and many other fields. The fluid being pumped can be water, oil, chemicals, or slurries, although specific pump designs are optimized for different fluid properties. Maintenance is generally straightforward, and they are known for their smooth, continuous flow.