Kazimierz

Kazimierz is a historic district of Kraków, Poland, situated on the right bank of the Vistula River. It originated as a separate town founded in the 14th century by King Casimir III the Great and was named after him. In the 19th century it became part of Kraków and developed as the city’s Jewish quarter, characterized by a dense network of streets, markets, and religious sites.

Historically the district was a center of Jewish life with a long-standing community, schools, and houses of worship. Notable landmarks include the Old Synagogue, dating to the 15th century, and the Remuh Synagogue and Cemetery, reflecting centuries of religious and cultural activity. The area around Szeroka Street and Plac Nowy has long served as a social and commercial hub, with markets, taverns, and shops that retain a traditional atmosphere alongside newer developments.

World War II and the Holocaust profoundly affected Kazimierz, decimating its Jewish population. After the war the community did not immediately recover, but from the late 20th century the district underwent cultural revival. Since the 1990s Kazimierz has become a popular area for tourism and creative industries, hosting festivals, galleries, and nightlife while preserving its historical architecture and Jewish heritage.

Today Kazimierz is often visited for its historical sites, scenic streets, and a blend of old and new. It remains a key part of Kraków’s cultural landscape, attracting visitors seeking both heritage and contemporary urban life. The name Kazimierz is also used for other places in Poland, such as Kazimierz Dolny, though the Kraków district is the most widely known reference.