Kayexalate

Kayexalate is the brand name for sodium polystyrene sulfonate, a medication used to treat hyperkalemia, which is a condition characterized by dangerously high levels of potassium in the blood. It functions as a cation-exchange resin.

When administered orally or rectally, Kayexalate works in the gastrointestinal tract. It exchanges sodium ions for potassium ions in the large intestine. This process binds potassium, preventing its absorption into the bloodstream and promoting its excretion in the stool. The binding of potassium is a slow process, and it can take several hours to show a significant effect.

Kayexalate is typically prescribed when potassium levels are elevated due to kidney failure, certain medications that can increase potassium levels, or other conditions that impair potassium excretion. It is not intended for immediate emergency treatment of severe hyperkalemia, where other interventions may be necessary.

Common side effects of Kayexalate include constipation, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. More serious side effects can occur, such as fecal impaction, bowel obstruction, or gastrointestinal bleeding, particularly if the medication is not administered correctly or if there are pre-existing gastrointestinal issues. It is important to follow a doctor's instructions carefully when taking Kayexalate and to report any unusual symptoms. The medication should not be taken by individuals with certain conditions, including severe constipation or bowel obstruction, or those who have recently had surgery on their gastrointestinal tract.