Katalizatorët

Katalizatorët, also known as catalysts, are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. They work by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction with a lower activation energy, allowing more reactant molecules to overcome the energy barrier and form products. This process is crucial in various industrial applications, such as the production of ammonia in the Haber-Bosch process and the synthesis of sulfuric acid. Katalizatorët can be classified into two main types: homogeneous catalysts, which are in the same phase as the reactants, and heterogeneous catalysts, which are in a different phase. Homogeneous catalysts include enzymes and metal complexes, while heterogeneous catalysts often consist of metals supported on a solid surface, such as platinum on carbon. The use of katalizatorët is essential for improving reaction efficiency, reducing costs, and minimizing environmental impact.