Karbonatiseras

Karbonatiseras is a Swedish verb meaning to carbonate or to introduce carbonate functionality into a substance. The term is used across several disciplines to describe different but related processes in which carbonate groups or carbonate minerals are formed or incorporated.

In geology and geochemistry, karbonatisering refers to the formation of carbonate minerals through reactions between carbon dioxide–bearing fluids and rocks. Common products include calcite (CaCO3) and dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2). This process can occur near the surface in sedimentary environments or deeper underground and is a significant mechanism in natural carbon cycling and rock diagenesis. It can also play a role in long‑term CO2 sequestration in minerals.

In construction and environmental engineering, concrete carbonation describes the diffusion of CO2 into moist concrete, where it reacts with calcium hydroxide to form calcium carbonate. While carbonation can reduce the pH of concrete and influence steel reinforcement corrosion, it also contributes to the stabilization of carbonate minerals within the material and is considered in durability assessments and carbon sequestration evaluations.

In chemistry and materials science, karbonatisering may refer to the formation of carbonate functionalities in organic and polymer systems, such as the creation of carbonate esters through reactions of alcohols with carbonate reagents. This usage is focused on synthetic and applied chemistry.

See also: carbonate mineral, mineral carbonation, carbonation (chemistry), carbonate ester.