Kapacitivt

Kapacitivt refers to anything related to capacitance. Capacitance is the ability of a system to store an electric charge. A capacitor is a device that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It is a passive electronic component consisting of two conductors separated by a dielectric medium. When a voltage is applied across the conductors, electric charge accumulates on them.

The unit of capacitance is the farad, named after Michael Faraday. One farad is a very large unit, so more commonly used prefixes like microfarad (µF), nanofarad (nF), and picofarad (pF) are employed. The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor, for example, is proportional to the area of the plates and inversely proportional to the distance between them. It also depends on the dielectric constant of the material between the plates.

Capacitive sensors utilize this principle to detect changes in capacitance. These changes can be caused by variations in distance, proximity of objects, or changes in the dielectric properties of the material. Applications of capacitive sensing are widespread, including touchscreens on smartphones and tablets, proximity sensors in electronic devices, and level measurement in industrial settings. In essence, anything that exhibits or utilizes the property of storing electric charge and resisting changes in voltage can be described as capacitive.