Kõrvaljaam

Kõrvaljaam is an Estonian term that translates to "substation" or "auxiliary station." In the context of power transmission and distribution, a substation is a critical component of the electrical grid. It plays a vital role in modifying voltage levels and routing electricity from power generation sources to consumers.

There are typically two main types of substations: step-up and step-down. Step-up substations, usually located near power plants, increase the voltage of electricity generated to facilitate efficient long-distance transmission with minimal energy loss. Step-down substations, on the other hand, are situated closer to populated areas and reduce the high transmission voltages to lower, safer levels suitable for industrial, commercial, and residential use.

Kõrvaljaamad house essential equipment such as transformers, switchgear, circuit breakers, and control systems. Transformers are responsible for changing the voltage, while switchgear and circuit breakers allow for the isolation of different parts of the grid for maintenance or in case of faults. Control systems monitor and manage the flow of electricity, ensuring stability and reliability of the power supply.

The term "kõrvaljaam" can also refer to other types of auxiliary facilities in different contexts, but its most common application is within the electrical engineering field. These substations are fundamental to the functioning of modern electrical infrastructure, enabling the safe and effective delivery of power to where it is needed.