Jævnspænding

Jævnspænding, often translated as direct voltage or direct current (DC) voltage, refers to an electrical potential difference where the polarity of the voltage source remains constant over time. This means that the current flowing due to this voltage will always move in the same direction. Unlike alternating voltage (vekselspænding), where the polarity and direction of current flow periodically reverse, jævnspænding provides a continuous, unidirectional flow of electrical charge.

The primary source of jævnspænding is typically batteries or accumulators, which store chemical energy and convert it into electrical energy. Solar cells also produce jævnspænding when exposed to sunlight. Electronic devices like rectifiers, which convert alternating current to direct current, are also used to generate jævnspænding from AC sources.

Many electronic components and devices require jævnspænding to operate correctly. This includes most microprocessors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and portable electronic devices such as mobile phones and laptops when powered by their internal batteries. The stable, unidirectional nature of jævnspænding is crucial for the precise functioning of these circuits. While household electricity is typically supplied as vekselspænding, adapters and power supplies convert this into jævnspænding for the operation of many common appliances.