Jäänuste

Jäänuste is an Estonian noun meaning remainder or residue—the part left over after a calculation, a decomposition, or a processing step. The word derives from jääma, meaning “to remain.”

In mathematics, jäänuste refers to the remainder obtained when dividing one number by another. If a is divided by b (with b not equal to zero), there exist integers q and r such that a = b·q + r and 0 ≤ r < |b|. The value r is the jäänuste of a modulo b. In modular arithmetic, an equivalence a ≡ r (mod b) expresses that a and r share the same remainder when divided by b.

Beyond pure arithmetic, jäänuste can denote leftovers or by-products arising from a process. This broader sense covers materials, substances, or values that remain after processing, manufacturing, measurement, or analysis. In everyday language, the term emphasizes what remains after something has been completed.

In summary, jäänuste is a versatile term used primarily to denote a remaining part—most often the mathematical remainder in division, but also the general idea of leftovers or residues in other contexts.