Jännitepoikkeamat

Jännitepoikkeamat, often translated as voltage deviations or voltage anomalies, refer to unintended variations in the electrical voltage supplied to a system. These deviations can manifest as either voltage sags (dips) or voltage swells (surges). A voltage sag is a temporary reduction in the RMS voltage, typically lasting from half a cycle to a few seconds. Voltage swells are the opposite, representing a temporary increase in the RMS voltage. Longer-term deviations, such as undervoltage or overvoltage, are also considered voltage deviations but usually persist for longer durations.

The causes of jännitepoikkeamat are varied. Common triggers include the starting of large inductive loads, such as motors, which can momentarily draw a significant amount of current, leading to a voltage drop. Faults within the power system, like short circuits or line breaks, are also frequent causes. External factors such as lightning strikes or the switching of capacitor banks can also induce voltage fluctuations.

The impact of these deviations can be significant. Sensitive electronic equipment, including computers, control systems, and medical devices, can malfunction or be damaged by unstable voltage levels. Equipment may reset unexpectedly, lose data, or experience reduced operational lifespan. In industrial settings, voltage sags can lead to production stoppages, while overvoltages can cause overheating and premature failure of components. Understanding and mitigating jännitepoikkeamat is therefore crucial for maintaining reliable power quality and protecting electrical infrastructure.