Jämviktspotentialvärde

Jämviktspotentialvärde, also known as equilibrium potential, is a fundamental concept in physiology and biochemistry, referring to the electrical potential across a membrane at which the influx and efflux of an ion are equal. This balance is achieved when the chemical gradient of the ion is equal to the electrical gradient, resulting in no net movement of the ion across the membrane.

The equilibrium potential for an ion is determined by the Nernst equation, which relates the equilibrium potential to the ion's concentration gradient and the temperature. For example, the equilibrium potential for potassium (K+) is approximately -90 mV, while for sodium (Na+) it is around +60 mV. These values are crucial in understanding the resting membrane potential of cells and the generation of action potentials.

Equilibrium potentials play a vital role in various physiological processes, including nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and the regulation of ion channels. They also have significant implications in medical contexts, such as in the study of ion channelopathies and the development of pharmacological interventions.

In summary, jämviktspotentialvärde is a key concept in electrophysiology, describing the electrical potential at which the movement of an ion across a membrane ceases. It is a critical factor in understanding cellular function and has wide-ranging applications in both basic research and clinical practice.