Jointers

A jointer is a woodworking machine used to produce flat, square surfaces on boards. Its primary functions are to flatten a face of a board and to create a straight, square edge so boards can be joined edge to edge. A typical jointer has a rotating cutterhead with multiple knives or carbide inserts, a bed or infeed table, an outfeed table, and a fence that guides edge jointing. During face jointing, the workpiece is passed across the cutterhead with small, controlled cuts, and the outfeed table supports the material after each cut. For edge jointing, the board is run along the fence to produce a straight, square edge that matches the previously jointed face.

Types and features: Benchtop jointers are compact and suited to smaller shops, while floor-standing models offer greater width capacity. Cutterheads can be straight or helical. The fence is usually adjustable and must be aligned to be perpendicular to the tables. Depth of cut is limited per pass, and multiple passes are typically required. Modern machines often include dust collection and safety guards.

Operation and use: After face jointing, the board’s thickness is equalized with a planer if needed. Jointing creates a reference face and a straight edge, which then allows boards to be glued together to form wider panels. Careful setup, consistent feeding, sharp knives, and appropriate push blocks help ensure accuracy and safety.

Safety and maintenance: Always use guards, keep hands away from the cutterhead, and employ push blocks. Regularly check knife sharpness, fence alignment, and table flatness; keep the machine clean and lubricated.