Jedlik

Ányos Jedlik (Hungarian: [ˈaːɲoʃ ˈjɛdlik]; 21 March 1800 – 18 March 1895) was a Hungarian physicist, inventor, and professor, widely regarded as one of the pioneers of electromagnetism and electrical engineering. Born in Budapest (then part of the Kingdom of Hungary), Jedlik demonstrated exceptional talent early in life, particularly in mathematics and physics. He studied at the University of Pest (now Budapest) and later became a professor of physics and mathematics at the Royal Joseph Technical University (today the Budapest University of Technology and Economics).

Jedlik is best known for his contributions to the development of the first primitive electric motor, which he constructed in 1827. His device, known as the "electromagnetic rotation apparatus," consisted of a rotating magnet and a coil of wire, demonstrating the principle of electromagnetic induction before Michael Faraday’s more formal experiments. This work laid the foundation for modern electric motors and generators. Jedlik also proposed the concept of a "dynamic" (a forerunner of the electric generator) in 1861, though he did not build a fully functional model until later.

Beyond electromagnetism, Jedlik made significant contributions to other scientific fields, including optics, acoustics, and meteorology. He designed early forms of the dynamo and even experimented with early telegraph systems. His work on the conservation of energy predated the formalization of the principle by others, though it was not widely recognized during his lifetime.

Jedlik’s legacy is honored in Hungary, where he is celebrated as a national inventor. The Ányos Jedlik Museum in Budapest preserves his inventions and documents his life. His name is also commemorated in various scientific and engineering awards, and a crater on the Moon bears his name in recognition of his contributions to science. Despite facing financial struggles and limited recognition in his later years, Jedlik’s innovative spirit and groundbreaking research continue to influence modern technology.