JamesLange
James-Lange theory of emotion is a foundational hypothesis in the psychology of emotion. It proposes that emotions arise from the perception of physiological changes in the body in response to external stimuli. The theory was independently developed in the 1880s by William James, an American philosopher and psychologist, and Carl Lange, a Danish physician; together they are associated with the James–Lange formulation.
According to the theory, an emotionally arousing event triggers bodily changes—such as increased heart rate, faster
Historically, the James-Lange view faced criticism from Walter Cannon and Philip Bard, who argued that autonomic
Today, the James-Lange theory is considered a key historical perspective that helped establish the link between