Integralberegning

Integralberegning, also known as integration, is a fundamental concept in calculus. It is the process of finding the antiderivative of a function, which is essentially the reverse operation of differentiation. Integrals are used to calculate areas under curves, volumes of solids, and to solve a wide range of problems in physics, engineering, economics, and other fields.

There are two main types of integrals: indefinite and definite. An indefinite integral represents a family of functions whose derivative is the given function. It is denoted by the integral symbol followed by the function and 'dx', for example, ∫f(x)dx. The result of an indefinite integral includes an arbitrary constant of integration, often denoted by 'C'.

A definite integral, on the other hand, represents a specific numerical value. It is calculated over a specified interval, from a lower limit 'a' to an upper limit 'b'. This is denoted as ∫[a to b]f(x)dx. The definite integral is often interpreted as the net area between the curve of f(x) and the x-axis within the interval [a, b]. The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus provides the crucial link between differentiation and integration, stating that the definite integral of a function can be evaluated by finding its antiderivative and then computing the difference of the antiderivative evaluated at the upper and lower limits. Integralberegning is a powerful tool for understanding and quantifying continuous change.